
Drone jamming interception equipment
2024-07-23
Drone jamming interception equipment is a device specially designed to prevent illegal intrusion by drones or ensure the safety of specific areas.It interferes with the normal operation of the drone by transmitting specific signals, thereby forcing it to land or change course.This kind of equipment plays an important role in protecting important facilities, major events and sensitive areas.The following is the specific analysis:
Working principle and functional characteristics
Interference principle: UAV interference interception equipment usually disturbs the communication connection between it and the operator by transmitting a signal with the same communication frequency as the UAV.Common interference methods include GPS signal interference and wireless remote control signal interference, which cause drones to lose their navigation and control capabilities.
Technical classification: According to the different interference methods, UAV interference interception technology can be divided into suppressive interference and deceptive interference.Suppressive interference obscures the spectrum of the DRONE signal by transmitting interference signals, while deceptive interference “feeds” the simulated false signal into the drone's communication network by imitating the drone's communication signal, causing its communication errors or action errors.
Frequency band coverage: Modern UAV interference interception equipment can cover a wide range of frequency bands, ranging from a few hundred MHz to tens of GHz.For example, some devices can transmit signals from 300MHz to 6000MHz, covering multiple frequency bands including GPS, Beidou, 2.4G, 5.8G, etc., effectively interfering with various types of drones.
Application scenario
Urban security monitoring: In key nodes of the city, such as transportation hubs and large commercial areas, the deployment of drone interference interception equipment can prevent the security risks caused by the illegal flight of drones.
Security for major events: In major events such as sporting events and political gatherings, the use of these equipment can ensure that no drone interference incidents occur and ensure on-site safety.
Critical infrastructure protection: Installing drone interference interception equipment around critical infrastructure such as nuclear power plants and energy plants can effectively prevent drones from approaching and may cause safety risks.
Advantages and challenges
advantage:
Strong timeliness: Once a drone intrusion is detected, the interference interception equipment can be activated quickly and take effect immediately, and it can respond quickly to emergencies.
Wide adaptability: It can adopt different interference strategies for different types of drones, has strong adaptability and covers a wide range of models.
challenge:
Technology update requirements: With the continuous development of UAV technology, interference interception equipment needs to be continuously updated to adapt to new communication frequency bands and control methods.
Laws and regulations: When using such equipment, it is necessary to comply with relevant laws and regulations to avoid interference with other legal drones.
Future development trends
Intelligence and integration: Future drone interference interception equipment will be more intelligent, able to automatically identify targets and select the best interference strategy.At the same time, they may be integrated with other security systems to form a comprehensive security solution.
Improvement of international standards and regulations: With the widespread application of UAV technology, it is expected that more international standards and regulations will be introduced to regulate the use of UAV jamming and interception equipment to ensure that it does not infringe on legitimate rights and interests. Play a role.
In summary, drone jamming and interception equipment is an important part of the modern security system, and it provides an effective means to deal with the potential threats posed by drones.With the continuous progress of technology and the improvement of regulations, the application of such equipment will be more extensive and efficient.
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[Cutting-edge Dynamics] "Counter-drone System-A Multi-field Work" (Part 1)
2024-07-23
The Sciendo website published a paper called "Counter-drone System-a Multi-domain Work", which mainly introduces the current situation of drones and multi-domain anti-drones.The author's translation is now organized as follows for readers to learn and refer to.
Summary
In the past few decades, the proliferation of unmanned aerial systems has changed the modern battlefield, and it has become essential to counter the demand for these cheap, flexible, and expendable systems.UAVs come in a variety of sizes and capabilities. Compared with cruise missiles, larger UAVs may achieve results, while smaller systems are difficult to detect when maneuvering on the battlefield to successfully conduct tactical-level strikes.Therefore, it must be understood that responding to this threat is a common responsibility, and the approach must be comprehensive, covering a wide range of military, civil, and legal perspectives on this topic.In addition, it is clear that it is necessary to adopt multi-domain solutions to eliminate the threat of drones, and countries should be committed to achieving the technical interoperability and standardization conferred by common principles and operating procedures.
1.introduction
UAS now play a vital role in NATO operations and have developed into an important asset for intelligence, intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance (ISR) missions, and combat missions.
However, other countries and non-state actors, including open enemies of NATO, have been working hard to develop similar systems to gain an advantage in the air field.
At the same time, the civilian market is focusing on small drones, which are used by the public for entertainment purposes. These flying objects are called commercial spot drones.The latest iteration of commercial off-the-shelf drone technology can fly autonomously to designated coordinates, or it can be remotely controlled through the Global mobile communication System (GSM) network using the operator's mobile phone.
The “traditional” measure to counter drones is electronic interference in the command and control (C2) link.GSM networks and autonomous flight invalidate interference, so a new method is needed to combat these emerging technologies.
2.Understand the components of drones
In order to deal with the threat of drones, it is important that we see greater prospects, not just drones.The drone is composed of several components according to its size and mission.Small UAVs usually consist of an operator, a remote control, a command and control link, and the UAVs themselves, while a larger UAVs system also requires a dedicated land-based control system to launch and recover UAVs.Usually, it also requires a task control unit to perform specific operations.In addition, these systems can use space-based over-the-horizon (BLOS) communication for data links and command and control.In short, in addition to drones, these systems also require more physical infrastructure, such as containers, hardware/software for controlling flight and combat. The larger the drone, the greater the demand for land-based support.
3.Drones in the conflict in Ukraine
The war in Ukraine is not the "first drone war."This is not the first conflict in which drones are of great significance, nor is it the first time that hostile parties have used drones.However, their deployment in Ukraine marks a significant shift.Drones have never been used so extensively in military confrontations.
One of the observations of the Ukrainian crisis in 2014 was that Russia used drones as intelligence surveillance targets to acquire and detect (ISTAR) assets in a very effective way.By integrating multiple sensing platforms at different altitudes over the same target, Russia has successfully provided a real-time aiming system with complementary imaging functions, while keeping firepower units at a safe distance.It is also worth noting that Russia has used electronic warfare (EW) and cyber warfare very effectively in anti-drone systems, because most of Ukraine's small number of drones have been jammed and shot down.
Between 2015 and 2022, the two sides in the conflict conducted trench warfare in eastern Ukraine, enhancing the capabilities of drones.Russia began to weaponize small eight-rotor helicopters and use them to throw incendiary bombs, but due to sanctions from Western countries, Russia was unable to master key technologies.On the other hand, Ukraine initially used commercial drones to capture targets for mortars and artillery, but they benefited greatly from Western training, so they accumulated a lot of experience and invested in and developed drone technology.
In the resistance movement in eastern Ukraine, civilian drones play a vital role in confirming the location and intentions of the enemy and in destroying the enemy through the deployment of simulated weapons.These direct actions have proven to be very effective due to their fast decision-making process, reliable target verification by drones, and instant contact with identified targets.
According to the open source intelligence agency Oryx, from February 24, 2022 to September 13, 2023, it was confirmed through photo or video evidence that 300 Russian reconnaissance and combat drones were lost in Ukraine.Among these losses, there were 183 Orlan-10 UAVs and their variants, 38 Eleron UAVs, 38 Zala UAVs, 6 Orion UAVs, 6 Forpost UAVs and several other UAVs.
The General Staff of the Ukrainian Armed Forces reported that Russia had lost 4,650 drones of various types.This includes many Iranian-made Shahd UAVs, as well as possibly some commercial UAVs that are widely used by the Russian armed forces for military-grade weapons.Due to technical failures and human error, the exact number of UAVs lost by Russia in the occupied areas of Ukraine is still uncertain.In addition, the number of small commercial drones provided by Russian regional administrative departments and volunteers, such as DJI Mavic and other drones, remains unclear.
The latest developments in the drone conflict in Ukraine show that Russia is using Shahd attack drones, also known as ”Kamikaze Special Attack Team" drones, to target population centers and power stations with the aim of disrupting Ukraine's electricity and heating supplies.In response, the Ukrainian armed forces have taken various countermeasures, including small arms fire, heavy machine guns, man-portable air defense missiles and electronic jamming devices, to intercept these drones.However, when drones are deployed on a large scale or “in groups”, shooting down drones becomes very challenging.
As a general conclusion of the war in Ukraine, we can say that local air control rights have become a thing of the past, and the threat of drones is now at the lowest tactical level, so anti-DRONE capabilities need to be deployed at the lowest tactical level.
4.Anti-drone-NATO Perspective
The NATO Defense Minister approved a practical framework for combating Category I drones in February 2019.On July 9, 2021, according to the “silence procedure” (silence procedure), the work plan of the NATO Drone Working Group was approved, aiming to create a NATO drone theory.
The idea is to focus the regulations on the combat level, while leaving the strategic and tactical elements to the following other publications.The doctrine will cross the boundaries between various functions such as force protection and air defense.
It must be pointed out that NATO's “first-level countermeasures theory” will ensure the connection and consistency with other theoretical documents; in particular, the interaction/elimination of conflicts between anti-drone assets and hostile, neutral and friendly actions (such as air defense operations and electromagnetic operations).It will also consider interaction, interoperability and coordination with the NATO Integrated Air Defense and Missile Defense System (IAMD), especially with the capabilities of the ground-based Air defense and Missile Defense System (SBAMD).
On October 12, 2023, at a meeting of defense ministers held in Brussels, NATO allies considered the follow-up actions required to implement NATO's new defense strategy.This includes the allocation of troops, the development of new capabilities, and the adaptation of command and control structures.Therefore, it is clear that NATO is preparing to adopt the anti-drone doctrine in the near future.
NATO is not only committed to developing a theory, but also focuses on exercises aimed at improving technical interoperability and improving the ability to counter drones.NATO organized the Anti-drone system Technology Interoperability Exercise (C-UAS TIE23), which brought together military, scientific, and industrial experts to evaluate advanced commercial solutions for detecting, identifying, and mitigating drone threats.Approximately 70 systems and technologies, including sensors, effectors, jammers, and drones, have undergone field tests.The purpose is to verify whether these cutting-edge solutions can quickly connect and cooperate effectively.The exercise was coordinated by the NATO Communications and Information Agency (NCI Agency) and hosted by the Joint Anti-drone Core Organization under the Dutch Ministry of Defense.
In short, NATO has taken important steps in managing the drone threat. The organization's primary goal is to prevent it by paying attention to laws and regulations, using warning signs, and collecting intelligence.The next step is to have situational awareness capabilities that can detect, track, classify, and identify threats.Then, it must enter the reaction stage and be able to deter, defeat, destroy, or capture.Last but not least, the DRONE threat protection system should be able to take the necessary post-mortem actions, such as restoration, utilization, or evaluation.Future research will include the inclusion of thoroughly tested and confirmed practical drone integration solutions.An implied goal is to include a series of recommendations that will be carefully reviewed and involve the direct impact of UAV system integration on various aspects, such as troop structure, decision-making process, standardization, training, and personnel specialization.In addition, it will explore how this integration can contribute to the collective effectiveness of military operations against opponents, including defensive and offensive strategies.
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Handheld drone detection and direction finding equipment
2024-07-09
Handheld drone detection and direction finding equipment is a mobile device used to detect and locate drones. It can help users quickly identify drones in the air and determine their orientation.The following is the specific analysis:
1. Working principle
Detection technology: This kind of equipment usually uses radio frequency scanning technology to detect radio communication signals between drones and operators.By analyzing the signal strength and characteristics, the equipment can detect the presence of drones.
Direction finding function: Using multiple antennas and advanced signal processing algorithms, the equipment can determine the source direction of the drone signal, thereby providing a basis for interception or further countermeasures.
Real-time feedback: Devices are usually equipped with a display screen or connected to a smart phone or tablet wirelessly to provide users with real-time detection data and orientation information.
Second, the scope of application
Safety monitoring: In major events, important facilities or sensitive areas, the use of handheld drone detection and direction-finding equipment can strengthen air safety monitoring and prevent potential threats posed by drones.
Border patrol: Border guards can use this kind of equipment to monitor drones that cross the border illegally, effectively improving border security.
Emergency response: In emergency situations, such as natural disasters or accident scenes, the use of this equipment can help managers understand the air situation and avoid drones interfering with rescue work.
3. Advantages and challenges
advantage:
Portability: The handheld design makes the device easy to carry and operate, and it is suitable for rapid deployment in different situations.
Real-time: it can provide real-time detection results and direction judgment, so that users can react quickly.
Ease of use: Compared with fixed-wing detection systems, handheld UAV detection and direction finding equipment is usually designed to be more concise and easy to operate and use.
challenge:
Technical complexity: Ensuring the accuracy and reliability of equipment requires complex technical support, especially in signal processing and interference cancellation.
Environmental factors: The external environment such as wind speed, temperature and humidity may affect the performance of the equipment.
Laws and regulations: In some countries and regions, the use of detection equipment may be restricted by laws and regulations, and relevant regulations need to be complied with.
4. Future development trends
Technological progress: With the development of technology, the future handheld UAV detection and direction finding equipment will be more accurate and intelligent, and can automatically identify various types of drones.
Perfect regulations: It is expected that more regulations will be introduced to regulate the use of detection equipment and ensure that it does not infringe on privacy and legal rights and interests.
Integrated development: Detection equipment may be integrated with other security systems such as video surveillance and electronic fences to form a comprehensive security solution.
In summary, handheld UAV detection and direction finding equipment is an important part of the modern security system, and it provides a flexible and effective means to deal with the security challenges posed by drones.With the continuous progress of technology and the improvement of regulations, the application of such equipment will be more extensive and efficient.
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Foreign media reported that the Chinese Air Force has built an anti-drone force
2024-05-17
According to reports from foreign media, the Chinese Air Force has formed a force dedicated to detecting and disposing of drones.
According to a report by the "China Daily" quoted by the website of Japanese diplomatic scholars, the People's Liberation Army Air Force said in a press release that this force is mainly used to deal with slow and small flying targets whose flight altitude is generally below 1,000 meters.
The wording of "China Daily" makes it look like military drones are its main target.The report mentioned that the new troops have been practicing how to deal with drones used in “reconnaissance, infiltration or offensive operations.”It also said that small drones that are difficult to detect by radar “may pose a great threat to important targets.”
However, with UAVs flying slowly at low altitudes as the main goal, it shows that the People's Liberation Army Air Force is likely to spend most of its time dealing with UAVs operated by its own people.
The report said that while this new force was exposed, China, which has experienced several hidden dangers, was considering how to best control drones used by civilians.
In November last year, a drone was found to be flying near a military airport in Hebei Province without approval.The People's Liberation Army Air Force forced the drone to land and confiscated it by the police.
In another incident, an unapproved drone flew near an airport in Zhejiang Province, forcing the airport to close for nearly an hour.
The report did not disclose details, but said that there are still some unapproved drone flight activities that have interfered with military aircraft training.All drones involved are civilian.According to reports, the offending drones are “owned by private companies, aviation enthusiasts, and individual airlines.”
The report said that these incidents seemed to be the reason for the new anti-drone unit of the People's Liberation Army Air Force.
In November last year, shortly after the drone “black fly” incident occurred at a military airport in Hebei, Shen Jinke, a spokesperson for the Air Force of the People's Liberation Army, said that the Air Force will work with civil aviation, public security and other departments to further strengthen the control of “low, slow and small” aircraft to ensure air safety.
Shen Jinke said: "In recent years, some enterprises and individuals have repeatedly banned the illegal flight of ‘low-speed and small’ aircraft... some endanger the safety of military and civil aviation and public safety.”
Current Chinese law stipulates that the operators of drones must obtain approval before they enter the air to fly, but many people seem to have turned a deaf ear to this provision.
In 2014, a source interviewed by The Wall Street Journal said that about 80% of China's drone flight activities have not been approved.In response to this problem, China has been considering stricter measures, such as requiring drone operators to register in a national database.
The report said that there are currently about 100,000 privately owned drones in China, and China's drone industry is expected to develop rapidly in the next ten years.
Of course, China is likely to also pay close attention to the development of military drones.
According to a study by the New America Foundation, 86 countries around the world “possess a certain degree of drone capabilities.”
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Anti-drone jammer gun_the principle of anti-drone gun
2024-05-20
As the use of drones as data acquisition equipment is increasing, the commercial use of drones is also growing rapidly as a result.With the advent of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, drones will have an impact in the biological, technological and physical fields.At the same time, cost reductions and technological advances have allowed drone applications to continue to expand.Its technology is used in booming industries and fields, including safety, construction, agriculture, entertainment, land management, etc., and is still growing.
The rise of commercial drones has inevitably brought some negative effects. Some individuals and teams have begun to use drones for malicious attacks on a global scale. Many black fly incidents have brought major security risks to the no-fly field and high-security areas. Many companies are paying attention to this trend and trying to enter the anti-drone technology industry.They introduced various anti-drone equipment, such as anti-drone guns, radio signal interference, etc.
Here we focus on the anti-drone gun and its principle.An anti-drone system launched by Nuoyue Technology-portable, that is, an anti-drone gun.
The working principle of this anti-drone gun is as follows:
The product is small in size, light in weight, easy to carry, and simple to operate, and can be quickly assembled and deployed according to the actual situation.By interfering with the data link and positioning system of the UAV, the communication and navigation between the UAV and the remote control are cut off, thereby forcing the UAV to land automatically or drive it away to ensure the safety of low-altitude airspace.The transmission power is adjustable, the interference distance is 800~1000 meters, and the interference direction angle is large, so there is no need to aim accurately.
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